The 1909-S VDB Lincoln penny stands as one of the most coveted coins in American numismatics. Its journey from a modest one-cent piece to a million-dollar treasure is a tale of design controversy, limited mintage, and enduring allure among collectors.
Origins of the 1909-S VDB Lincoln Penny
In 1909, to commemorate the centennial of President Abraham Lincoln’s birth, the U.S. Mint introduced the Lincoln cent, designed by Victor David Brenner.
Brenner’s initials, V.D.B., prominently featured on the coin’s reverse, sparked public debate over their visibility. Responding to the criticism, the Mint swiftly removed the initials, resulting in a limited production run of the original design.
Key Details:
- Designer: Victor David Brenner
- Mint Mark: ‘S’ indicating the San Francisco Mint
- Mintage: Approximately 484,000 coins
- Composition: 95% copper, 5% tin and zinc
- Weight: 3.11 grams
- Diameter: 19.00 millimeters
Factors Contributing to Its Rarity and Value
Several elements have propelled the 1909-S VDB penny to its esteemed status:
- Limited Mintage: With only 484,000 coins minted, it remains one of the scarcest Lincoln cents.
- Design Alteration: The removal of Brenner’s initials after initial production added to its uniqueness.
- Historical Significance: As the inaugural Lincoln cent, it holds a special place in U.S. coinage history.
- Collector Demand: Its scarcity and backstory have made it a sought-after piece among numismatists.
Record-Breaking Auction Sales
The 1909-S VDB penny has achieved remarkable prices at auctions, especially in superior conditions. Notably:
- April 2022: An MS-67 Red (PCGS) graded coin fetched $168,000 at a Stack’s Bowers auction.
These figures underscore the coin’s escalating value and desirability.
Grading and Market Values
The coin’s worth varies based on its condition and coloration. Here’s a breakdown:
| Grade | Description | Estimated Value |
|---|---|---|
| G-4 | Good | $700 – $800 |
| VG-8 | Very Good | $900 – $1,000 |
| F-12 | Fine | $1,000 – $1,200 |
| VF-20 | Very Fine | $1,200 – $1,500 |
| EF-40 | Extremely Fine | $1,500 – $2,000 |
| AU-50 | About Uncirculated | $2,000 – $2,500 |
| MS-60 | Mint State | $2,500 – $3,000 |
| MS-63 | Choice Uncirculated | $3,000 – $4,000 |
| MS-65 | Gem Uncirculated | $5,000 – $6,000 |
Values are approximate and can fluctuate based on market demand.
Identifying Authentic 1909-S VDB Pennies
To verify the authenticity of a 1909-S VDB penny:
- Obverse: Look for the ‘S’ mint mark below the date.
- Reverse: The ‘V.D.B.’ initials should be located at the bottom center, beneath the wheat stalks.
Given the prevalence of counterfeits, it’s advisable to consult with reputable coin grading services or numismatic experts for authentication.
The 1909-S VDB Lincoln penny’s ascent from a contentious coin to a million-dollar collectible epitomizes the dynamic nature of numismatics.
Its blend of historical context, design intrigue, and rarity continues to captivate collectors, solidifying its legacy as a true gem in American coinage.
FAQs
Why were Victor David Brenner’s initials removed from the Lincoln penny?
The prominence of Brenner’s initials, ‘V.D.B.’, on the coin’s reverse led to public criticism, prompting the U.S. Mint to remove them shortly after the coin’s release.
How can I determine if my 1909 penny is the rare ‘S VDB’ variety?
Check for the ‘S’ mint mark below the date on the obverse and the ‘V.D.B.’ initials at the bottom center of the reverse.
What makes the 1909-S VDB penny so valuable?
Its limited mintage, design controversy, historical significance, and high demand among collectors contribute to its substantial value.
